This page explains the different ways the City engages with the community in planning and decision-making. Engagement is not one-size-fits-all; sometimes we share information, sometimes we ask for feedback, and sometimes we collaborate or empower the community to make decisions. The spectrum below shows these levels and what they mean for you.

The International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) Spectrum defines five levels of engagement based on how much influence the public has in decision-making:

• Inform: Provide clear, balanced information so the public understands issues and options.
• Consult: Ask for feedback on plans or decisions.
• Involve: Work directly with the public to ensure concerns are considered throughout the process.
• Collaborate: Partner with the public in developing solutions and recommendations.
• Empower: Place final decision-making in the hands of the public.

Why it matters:
The IAP2 Spectrum helps set clear expectations for how input will be used and builds trust through transparency.

The National Association of Climate Resilient Planners (NACRP) promotes a spectrum that moves beyond participation toward community ownership of decisions:

• Inform (Placation): Share information with the community.
• Consult (Input): Gather feedback and ideas.
• Involve (Voice): Ensure community voices shape decisions.
• Collaborate (Delegated Power): Share power and co-create solutions.
• Defer to Community (Ownership): Communities lead and make final decisions.

Why it matters:
This spectrum emphasizes equity and resilience by shifting power to communities most impacted by decisions.